传习录

324

324· 黃以方錄

以方问「尊德性」一条。

先生曰:「『道问学』即所以『尊德性』也。晦翁言子静以『尊德性』诲人,某教人岂不是『道问学』处多了些子?是分『尊德性』、『道问学』作两件,且如今讲习讨论下许多工夫,无非只是存此心,不失其德性而已。岂有『尊德性』只空空去尊,更不去问学?问学只是空空去问学,更与德性无关涉?如此,则不知今之所以讲习讨论者,更学何事?」

问「致广大」二句。

曰:「『尽精微』即所以『致广大』也,『道中庸』即所以『极高明』也。盖心之本体自是广大底,人不能『尽精微』,则便为私欲所蔽,有不胜其小者矣。故能细微曲折,无所不尽,则私意不足以蔽之,自无许多障碍遮隔处,如何广大不致?」

又问:「精微还是念虑之精微?是事理之精微?」

曰:「念虑之精微,即事理之精微也。」

以方问「尊德性」一条。

先生说:「『道问学』正是所以『尊德性』。晦翁说陆子静以尊德性教人,自己教人岂不是道问学处多了些?这是把尊德性和道问学分作两件。如今讲习讨论下了许多功夫,无非只是存此心、不失其德性罢了。哪有尊德性只是空空去尊、更不去问学的?问学只是空空去问学、更与德性无关涉的?这样,就不知如今讲习讨论的究竟学的是什么事。」

问「致广大」二句。

答:「『尽精微』正是所以『致广大』,『道中庸』正是所以『极高明』。心的本体本是广大的,人不能尽精微,便被私欲所蔽,就会陷在小处不可胜数了。所以能细微曲折无所不尽,私意便不足以蔽它,自然没有许多障碍遮隔,怎能不广大?」

又问:「精微是念虑的精微,还是事理的精微?」

答:「念虑的精微,就是事理的精微。」

Yifang asked about honoring the moral nature.

The Master said: 'Pursuing inquiry is itself honoring the nature. Zhu said Zilu taught by honoring the nature, while he himself surely gave more to inquiry — splitting the two. All the labor of today's lecture and discussion is only preserving this mind, not losing its nature. Where is honoring the nature done by honoring in a void, without inquiry? Or inquiry done in a void, nothing to do with the nature? — then one knows not what all this lecturing studies.'

Asked on extending to breadth and greatness: 'Exhausting the subtle is itself extending the breadth; walking the mean is itself reaching the highest light. The mind's substance is vast of itself; failing the subtle, one is veiled by private desire, swallowed in the countless small. Exhaust every fine winding, and private opinion cannot veil it — no barriers or screens left: how not vast?'

'Subtle of thought, or of affairs and principles?'

'The subtlety of thought is the subtlety of affairs and principles.'

第 324 条 · 黃以方錄 | 传习录