传习录

200

200· 教約

每日工夫:先考德,次背书、诵书,次习礼或作课仿,次复诵书、讲书、次歌诗。凡习礼歌诗之类,皆所以常存童子之心,使其乐习不倦,而无瑕及于邪僻。教者如此,则知所施矣。虽然,此其大略也。神而明之,则存乎其人。

每日功夫:先考察德行,其次背书诵书,其次习礼或做课仿,其次再诵书讲书,最后歌诗。凡习礼歌诗之类,都是用来常存童子之心,使他乐于学习不觉疲倦,而无暇顾及邪僻。教的人明白了这些,就知道怎样施教了。虽然如此,这只是个大概;神而明之,则存乎其人。

The daily program: first, examination of conduct; then reciting and reading from memory; then ritual practice or copybook work; then further reading and expounding; last, singing the poems. Ritual and song are to keep the child's heart ever alive, glad in study and untiring, with no leisure for the crooked. A teacher who grasps this knows what to apply. Yet this is but the outline; to work it with spirit and insight lies with the man himself.

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